Science and Engineering Forum

       The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software (IDE) - contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino and Genuino hardware to upload programs and communicate with them. Writing Sketches Programs written using Arduino Software (IDE) are called  sketches . These sketches are written in the text editor and are saved with the file extension .ino. The editor has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text. The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also displays errors. The console displays text output by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete error messages and other information. The bottom righthand corner of the window displays the configured board and serial port. The toolbar buttons allow you to verify and upload programs, create, open, and save sketches, and open ...

Sri Lanka bans sales of non-standard plugs and sockets from 2019 (02/01/2018) – The implementation of National standard for plugs and socket outlets in Sri Lanka reached another milestone as the country banned sales of non-standard plugs, sockets, adapters, electrical appliances without square pin plugs from 1 st  of January 2019. Accordingly, Sri Lanka cannot import, sale, store and manufacture non-standard plugs and socket outlets (round pin) other than 13 A, Type G plug and socket outlet for the domestic market. However, the appliances with round pin, plugs and sockets that are  already in use can remain until the end of their useful life, and the transition to the type G standard plug and socket would not require any premises to be re-wired purely for the purpose of compliance with the new standard, and the existing wiring now in use, may remain until the end of its useful life or 16th August 2038, whichever is earlier. On 16th August 2016, the Government decided t...

How many times every day do you hear recorded music on the  radios  on  TV , in stores, in  elevators —even in the street? You'd never hear music at all if it weren't for  loudspeakers : electric sound-making machines. Most of the music we hear around us is played back with big loudspeakers attached to stereos or tiny earbud  headphones .  Radios ,  televisions ,  computers ,  cellular phones , intercoms, and talking toys are just some of the electric gadgets that make sounds with loudspeakers. But what exactly are loudspeakers and how do they work? Photo: These neat little Sony bookshelf speakers have a built-in  amplifier  and a long jack lead, so you can plug them into a  CD player ,  MP3 player ,  computer , or anything else with a standard headphone socket. They pack quite a punch for something so tiny because they have a reasonably high sensitivity, which is explained below. How loudspeakers turn ele...