Science and Engineering Forum

Understanding ISO – A Beginner’s Guide It is challenging to  take good pictures  without a good understanding of how ISO works and what it does. Camera ISO is one of the three pillars of photography (the other two being  Aperture  and  Shutter Speed ) and every photographer should thoroughly understand it, to get the most out of their equipment. Since this article is for beginners in photography, I will try to explain ISO as simple as I can. Before we go any further, you should first understand  how DSLR cameras work . 1) What is ISO? In very basic terms, ISO is the level of sensitivity of your camera to available light. The lower the ISO number, the less sensitive it is to the light, while a higher ISO number increases the sensitivity of your camera. The component within your camera that can change sensitivity is called “image sensor” or simply “sensor”. It is the most important (and most expensive) part of a camera and it is responsible for ga...

1. Proximity Sensor A proximity sensor is a  sensor  able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical  Scansiona il QrCode per vedere il profilo Contact di {name} e clikka per creare il tuo GRATIS  is comprised of an infrared LED and an IR light detector. It is placed near the earpiece of a phone, and for a good reason – when you place the handset up to your ear, the sensor lets the system know that you're most probably in a call and that the screen has to be turned off. The sensor works by shining a beam of invisible to humans infrared light which is reflected from a nearby object and picked up by the IR detector. 2. Light sensor A phone's light sensor is what measures how bright the ambient light is. The phone's software uses this data to adjust the display's brightness automatically – when ambient light is plentiful, the screen's brightness is pumped up, and when it is dark, the display is dimmed down. An interesting fact is that high-e...

Digital video recorders and network video recorders come in various different models and types. Understanding what to look for is important and even more important is understanding what you need. Lets review the various types of CCTV security recorders to better understand what to look for. Benefits of Surveillance Camera Video Recorders Camera Channels  -  NVRs  (Network Video Recorders) and  DVRs (Digital Video Recorders) come in various sizes. Typically you will see these systems in 4, 8, 16 and 32 channel (camera) systems. Having 16 channels will allow you to have 16 cameras on one system. This means you can record 16 cameras on one system. Most people tend to go with these recorders because of the large capacity of camera channels they can use. Even if you only need 5 cameras to start, a 16ch NVR or DVR will allow you to have growing room. NVR vs DVR  - The difference between an NVR and DVR can be confusing to many. A network video recorder (NVR) re...

உலகின் பிரதான சக்தி முதலான சூரியனிலிருந்து ஒளி மற்றும் வெப்பம் என்பன கதிர்ப்புக்களாக வெளிவருகின்றன. இதிலிருந்து புவிமேற்பரப்பானது சராசரியாக 81000 TW (Terawatt) அளவிலான சக்தி கிடைக்கப்பெறுகின்றது எனக் கணிப்புக்கள் கூறுகின்றன. இது, அண்ணளவாக தற்போதைய உலக சக்தித் தேவையின், 5000 மடங்கு அளவானது என ஆய்வாளர்கள் குறிப்பிடுகின்றனர். எனவே, கிடைக்கப்பெறும் இச்சூரியசக்தியினை வெற்றிகரமாக மின்சக்தியாக மாற்றிப் பெற்றால், ஏனைய மின்பிறப்பிக்கும் பொறிமுறைகளின் தேவை இல்லாது போய்விடும் என்பது வெளிப்படை. இலவசமாகக் கிடைக்கும் சூரிய சக்தியை மின்சக்தியாக மாற்றும் பொறிமுறைகள் குறித்து ஆய்வாளர்கள் பல்வேறு ஆய்வுகளை மேற்கொண்டு வருகின்றனர். இவ்வாறான ஆய்வொன்றில் ஈடுபட்டிருந்த மஸாசூசெட் தொழில்நுட்ப நிறுவன (MIT) அறிவியலாளர்கள் மிக மெல்லியதான, சவர்க்கார நுரையினால் தாங்கப்பட்டு நிற்குமளவிற்கு திணிவு குறைந்தான சூரியகலம் ஒன்றினை உருவாக்கியுள்ளதாக தெரிவிக்கப்படுகின்றது. சூரியகலம் தொடர்பான ஆய்வில் அறிவியலாளர்களான பேராசிரியர் Vladimir Bulovi, Annie Wang மற்றும் கலாநிதிப் பட்டப்படிப்பு மாணவன் Joel Jean ஆகியோர் ஈடுபட்டி...

Do USB 3.0 connections require USB 3.0 cords to reach USB 3.0 speeds? Will any USB cord support any USB 3.0 device? You cannot achieve USB 3.0 speeds without a USB 3.0 cable. However, speed is not the only issue. A USB 2.0 cable will work (at USB 2.0 speeds), for some, but not all, USB 3.0 devices. There are at least three important differences in cable construction between the two standards. Related to Speed:       USB 3.0 cables have nine internal conductors versus four in USB 2.0 cables.       Four of the nine internal conductors match the USB 2.0 configuration (two are for power and two are for signal). Connecting a USB 3.0 device with a USB 2.0 cable uses those conductors and operates like a USB 2.0 device.      The other five are signal conductors which are used for the communication method that provides USB 3.0 super speed. A good general description can be found here: USB 3.0 [Wikipedia] USB 3.0 cables have a limit of three meters v...

          Look around your house and chances are you that have a least a few devices equipped with Universal Serial Bus (USB) cables. On average,  some 3 billion USB ports are shipped each year , by far the most successful type of peripheral connection. In recent years, though, USB's competition has intensified and it now trails behind the new  Thunderbolt  standard both in speed and ease of use. This is the gap that the latest USB development, USB Type-C,  finalized just earlier this month,  intends to fill. Before you can understand USB Type-C, however, you need to know the difference between USB Type-A and Type-B, and tell between the various versions of the USB standard. Generally, the version refers to the speed and functionality of the USB cable, while the USB Type refers to the physical shape and the wiring of the ports and plugs. For the most part, Type-A ends (left of the coin) of the USB cables remains the same across ...